Ethics and Solution - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1778 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? In 10 ethical issues raised by IT capabilities, we examined ethical issues raised by IT capabilities, issues that all of us as technology professionals need to consider as we go about our duties. This time, we take a look at ethical issues more specific to managementand not necessarily just IT management. Once again, one of our themes is that advances in technology, just like advances in any other area of endeavor, can generate societal changes that should cause us to reexamine our behavior. The dynamic nature of civilization means some components of ethical codes that were perfectly appropriate in previous generations may no longer apply. Although space limits us to 10 issues, the ones we examine here are based on five main categories of particular interest to technologists: privacy, ownership, control, accuracy, and security. As in the previous article there are more questions than answers. Governments collect massive amounts of data on individuals and organizations and use it for a variety of purposes: national security, accurate tax collection, demographics, international geopolitical strategic analysis, etc. Corporations do the same for commercial reasons; to increase business, control expense, enhance profitability, gain market share, etc. Technological advances in both hardware and software have significantly changed the scope of what can be amassed and processed. Massive quantities of data, measured in petabytes and beyond, can be centrally stored and retrieved effortlessly and quickly. Seemingly disparate sources of data can be cross-referenced to glean new meanings when one set of data is viewed within the context of another. In the 1930s and 1940s the volumes of data available were miniscule by comparison and the processing of that data was entirely manual. Had even a small portion of todays capabilities existed, the world as we now know it would probably be quite different. Should organizations ability to collect and process data on exponentially increasing scales be limited in any way? Does the fact that information can be architected for a particular purpose mean it should be, even if by so doing individual privacy rights are potentially violated? If data meant for one use is diverted to another process which is socially redeeming and would result in a greater good or could result in a financial gain, does that mitigate the ethical dilemma, no matter how innocent and pure the motivation? This is an issue with both internal and external implications. All organizations collect personal data on employees, data that if not properly safeguarded can result in significant negative implications for individuals. Information such as compensation and background data and personal identification information, such as social security number and account identifiers, all have to be maintained and accessed by authorized personnel. Systems that track this data can be secured, but at some point data must leave those syste ms and be used. Operational policies and procedures can address the proper handling of that data but if theyre not followed or enforced, theres hardly any point in having them. Organizations routinely share data with each other, merging databases containing all kinds of identifiers. Whats the extent of the responsibility we should expect from the stewards of this data? Since theres no perfect solution, wheres the tipping point beyond which efforts to ensure data can be accessed only by those who are authorized to do so can be considered reasonable and appropriate? Many people are required to sign NDAs (nondisclosure agreements) and noncompete clauses in employment contracts, legal documents that restrict their ability to share information with other future employers even to the point of disallowing them to join certain companies or continue to participate in a particular industry. What about the rest of us, who have no such legal restrictions? In the course of our work for emp loyer A, we are privy to trade secrets, internal documents, proprietary processes and technology, and other information creating competitive advantage. We cant do a brain dump when we leave to go to work for employer B; we carry that information with us. Is it ethical to use our special knowledge gained at one employer to the benefit of another? How do you realistically restrict yourself from doing so? Information, knowledge, and skills we develop in the course of working on projects can be inextricably intertwined. Youre the project manager for an effort to reengineer your companys marketing operations system. You have access to confidential internal memoranda on key organization strategic and procedural information. To build the new system, you and your team have to go for some advanced technical training on the new technology products youll be using. The new system you build is completely revolutionary in design and execution. Although there are areas of patent law that cover many such situations, theres not much in the way of case law testing this just yet, and of course laws vary between countries. Clearly, youve built an asset owned by your company, but do you have a legitimate claim to any part of it? Can you take any part of this knowledge or even the design or code itself with you to another employer or for the purpose of starting your own company? Suppose you do strike out on your own and sell your system to other companies. Is the ethical dilemma mitigated by the fact that your original company isnt in the software business? Or that youve sold your product only to noncompeting companies? What if we were talking about a database instead of a system? Organizations have the right to monitor what employees do (management is measurement) and how technology systems are used. Its common practice to notify employees that when they use organizational assets such as networks or Internet access, they should have no expectation of privacy. Even without that disclaimer, they really dont need the warning to know this monitoring is, or could be, taking place. Do organizations have an obligation to notify employees as to the extent of that monitoring? Should an organization make it clear that in addition to monitoring how long employees are using the Internet, its also watching which Web sites they visit? If the organization merely says theres no expectation of privacy when using the e-mail system, is it an ethical violation when employees later find out it was actually reading their e-mails? Many organizations have started adding a credit and background check to the standard reference check during the hiring process. Are those organizations obligated to tell us theyre doing this and what results theyve received? The justification for doing the credit check typically is that a person who cant manage his or her own finances probably cant be trusted with any fiduciary responsibility on behalf of the organization. Does this pass t he smell test or is this actually an infringement of privacy? Performing these checks is a relatively recent phenomenon, brought on in part by the desire of organizations to protect themselves in the wake of the numerous corporate scandals of the past few years but also because technology has enabled this data to be gathered, processed, and accessed quickly and inexpensively. Is technology responsible for enabling unethical behavior? Business has always had a love/hate relationship with accuracy. Effective decision making is driven by accurate information, but quality control comes with a cost both in terms of dollars and productivity. (If youre checking, you cant also be doing. ) In a bygone era, there was less data to work with, and the only quality assurance that needed to be performed was on data†¦operations and procedures were manual, so it was the output of those functions that was most critical. Technology has enabled vastly more complicated and interconnected proc esses, such that a problem far upstream in a process has a ripple effect on the rest of the process. Sarbanes Oxley requires the certification of all internal controls in large part for this reason. Unfortunately, accuracy is one of those areas that always seems to be assigned to the dreaded someone, which all too often translates to no one. On what basis should the level of accuracy in any given system be determined? How much accuracy is sufficient? How should responsibility for accuracy be assigned? Most assembly lines have a cord or chain that can be pulled when a worker notices a particular unit has a flaw. The line is brought to a halt and the unit can either be removed or repaired. The effect of the error can be contained. As complex interactions between systems and ever larger databases have been created, the downstream consequence of error has become vastly more magnified. So too has the growing dependence on highly distributed systems increased the potential for, and the cost of, error. Do managers have a correspondingly greater responsibility to assess negative outcomes and the mitigations of costs and effects of errors? Can management or system owners be held accountable if unforeseen errors occur? Is this also the case for predictable but unmitigated error? As we mentioned in the previous article on ethics, security used to be confined to locking the door on the way out of the office or making sure the lock on the safe was spun to fully engage the tumblers. Technology presents us with a whole new set of security challenges. Networks can be breached, personal identification information can be compromised, identities can be stolen and potentially result in personal financial ruin, critical confidential corporate information or classified government secrets can be stolen from online systems, Web sites can be hacked, keystroke loggers can be surreptitiously installed, and a host of others. (Its interesting to note at this point that statistics still show that more than 80 percent of stolen data is the result of low tech â€Å"dumpster diving,† and approximately the same percentage of oranizational crime is the result of an inside job. How far canand shouldmanagement go in determining the security risks inherent in systems? What level of addressing those risks can be considered reasonable? Can system owners be held personally liable when security is compromised? When an organization holds stewardship of data on external entitiescustomers, individuals, other organizationsand that data is compromised, to what extent is the victimized corporation liable to the secondary victims, those whose data was stolen? Organizations generally have internal policies for dealing with security breaches, but not many yet have specific policies to address this area. Managers who do not secure the systems for which theyre responsible, employees who cavalierly use information to which they should not have access, and system users who find shortcuts around established security procedures are dealt with in the same fashion as anyone who doesnt meet the fundamental job requirements, anything from transfer or demotion to termination. Should compromised or ineffective security be held to a higher standard? Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ethics and Solution" essay for you Create order

Extreme Sports And Extreme Athletes - 1877 Words

Extreme sports are sports like skydiving, where a person jumps out of a plane and fights gravity to have few minutes of the inspiring view of the earth. Extreme sports are popular among the rising generation, as these sports satisfy the mind with the excitement that the mind has thirst for. Extreme sports are sports that require the athletes to have special traits, including thrill-taking and adventuring, which differentiate extreme sports from any other sport. Whiteside argues that unlike regular athletes, extreme athletes have a spark that attract audiences to them; as they involve physical and mental characteristics in their game. To add, Collard and Oboeuf claim that extreme athletes are stereotyped in literature with drug-like and†¦show more content†¦This shows how extreme athletes draw the attention of their audiences because of their â€Å"spark.† Extreme athletes invest their brain beside their muscles in their games to gain the most possible accomplishment i n their field. Gambino proclaims that extreme sports require the athlete to use their minds and muscles; as she said, â€Å"a hybrid sport demands the most of its competitors-both mentally and physically.† This proves the individuality of extreme athletes and sports. Extreme athletes maintain the characteristic of being cautious; as Luc and Oboeuf express that extreme athletes plan too much for every step they approach to gain the most possible win, which is a result of their familiarity with carefulness due to extreme sports (45-48). To add, extreme athletes develop addiction to extreme sports because they provide the satisfaction to mind, which encourage extreme athletes to continue practicing extreme-related sports, even if they developed an injury, or lost a beloved one. Extreme sports are addictive to extreme athletes to that point that they chase a career that has a dangerous environment; as Axon claims that Donald Schultz, a proficient base jumper, continued wing suit jumping, even after losing his friend, Ian Schultz, who died while wing suiting and quitting base jumping. This proves that extreme sports are healthyShow MoreRelatedUnder Armour s Vision Statement Essay1374 Words   |  6 Pagesedu). Extreme Sports Under Armour, has been true to its vision statement, to empower athletes everywhere, and also its mission statement, to make all athletes better through passion, design, and the relentless pursuit of innovation (uabiz.com). Under Armour following its vision and mission statement, can incur a great increase in revenue by expanding its market reach to a somewhat over looked sport called extreme sports (also referred to as action sports and adventurous sports). The extreme sportsRead MorePros And Cons Of Extreme Sports1334 Words   |  6 Pagesworld today is the proliferation and integration of extreme sports. This is a very important trend, and I am going to talk about the reason why the trend has emerged through brief history, pros and cons. My goal is to make sure that this trend is well-understood. Extreme sports are more popular among young people; we could say that the spectacular stunts used in these wild sports attract mostly younger generation. Most participants in these sport s put their lives at risk, follow their idols steps.Read MoreShould Sports Be Banned?1647 Words   |  7 PagesModern society places too much importance on winning in sports that we blatantly ignore the well being of our young athletes. This has lead many coaches to lose their perspective of what really matters in youth sport, having fun. Coaches have become engulfed in the idea of producing champions that they push kids too far beyond their physical and mental capabilities, eventually burning them out. If coaches are looking for results from their players, they should take the time to understand whatRead MoreAction Sports and Television Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pages Action Sports and Television Actions sports have always been interesting to me. The way the athletes perform their tricks, how judges score them, and how the camera operators keep up with such a fast paced competition. The more I thought of my interest in this subject, the more I wanted to know. The growth of action sports on television follows the same pattern of any other type of show genre in its early stages. Documentaries, themed shows or movies, and especially the coverage on live televisionRead MoreImportance Of Sports Training1570 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of Sports Training Billions of people play sports around the world, but so many of those people will never live up to their full potential because of a simple mistake they made. Having a sports trainer teach an athlete the basics of a sport before they start playing is extremely necessary if the athlete wants to be successful in that sport. Many people teach themselves bad habits or incorrect techniques, which will then stick with them for the entire time they play that sport. A trainerRead MoreRed Bull Stratos Analysis1382 Words   |  6 Pages 4. THE ISSUES 5. THE CONCLUSION 1. INTRODUCTION Red Bull Stratos occurred on 14 October 2012 in New Mexico, USA, and it is commonly considered to be a milestone in the evolution of marketing. Red Bull athlete Felix Baumgartner has jumped towards Earth, from a helium balloon, from an altitude of 39 km. He is the first (known) human being breaching the sound barrier while descending, without any form of engine or inertial support, and surviving this endeavourRead MoreFemale Athletes Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesSports Medicine Female Athletes In this report I will be exploring two conditions and their implications on female athletes. The conditions I will be investigating in relation to female athletes are pregnancy and iron deficiency. Pregnancy Overview Pregnancy, also known as gestation, is the term used to describe the period in which a fetus develops inside a woman’s womb or uterus (Definition from - https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/default.aspx). PregnancyRead MoreEating Disorders Among Female Athletes958 Words   |  4 PagesEating Disorders Among Collegiate Female Student-Athletes Eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia) are not rare in today’s society. They have become increasingly common among young women. Research indicates that there is a link between the media’s representation of â€Å"the perfect body† as well as ideals of attractiveness with dissatisfaction of body image and eating disorders (Ferguson, Munoz, Garza, Galindo, 2013). In this current literature review, I will focus on the impact of eatingRead MoreWhy Should College Athletes Be Paid767 Words   |  4 PagesThe magnitude of the controversy to pay college athletes has intensified over the past few years. It might be due to the prevailing economic atmosphere causing everyone, including aspiring athletes, to look for new ways to make money. It might also be due to many higher educational facilities giving the public access to their annual budget, causing outsiders to focus on the profit of specific athletic programs. However, it might also be due to the coachesà ¢â‚¬â„¢ outrageous salaries and the money that universitiesRead MoreSensor Technology Applied to Martial Arts826 Words   |  3 PagesCONSIDERATION: The system relates to the type of protective clothing worn by the players in sports like in martial arts, taekwondo and kick boxing. Technology is becoming is very common in sports to highlight the unfair decisions made by the referees during a game, it’s a very complicated procedure to link technology with the sports, however introducing sensors like (proximity, motion sensor, impact sensors) in sports create a vast difference in the decision making of referees on field and also put fairness

Teacher and Grandmother Free Essays

Interestingly, the person who had the most impact on my life was my grandmother. My grandmother was a retired College Principal, but for me she was always my Grandmother. She taught me the kinds of things that school teachers never could teach in the classroom. We will write a custom essay sample on Teacher and Grandmother or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because my parents were at work and my grandmother was retired, I spent a lot of time with her. She was a mother, a grandparent and a teacher at the same time. She always prepared an interesting activity for the day. We visited museums, theatres, went to the zoo, visited the library, watched movies or just stayed at home and did something fun together. She always created the proper schedule with the weather and my age in mind. I loved the way she could find the tone and the language with me, keeping in mind my capacity. She had a good sense of humor and always tried to cheer me up when she saw lack of interest or tiredness. The biggest lesson I learned from her was how to be a happy and independent child. She let my free spirit wander, making me curious and adventurous. She never lectured me or gave me boring speeches; she always found ways to engage my interest through stories and examples from her life. It were very important for her. She wanted my imagination to grow and explore different ideas and topics in my head. When I could not read by myself, she was the one who introduced me to picture books, and when I went to first grade she sat down with me and held my hand during my discovery of reading independently. My Grandmother was the first person who put a pencil in my hand. First we drew and colored together, and then slowly I learned how to form my letters and to write my name down before I started my school education. As I mentioned before, my parents had to work, so my Grandmother picked me up from school everyday. When we arrived home we always had snack and then a little free time before we sat down to do my homework. If I had a difficult assignment, for example from chemistry or physics, we tried to associate with baking as a science, or made an experiment to see how it could work in real life. She never disciplined me. How it worked between us was very natural; she was older and wiser, I was little and hungry for knowledge. I admired her knowledge, life experience and her enthusiasm; I asked question after question, begged for stories of her life and never let her sit down for a moment. She tried to keep up with me and never complained of being tired and I was never bored. I was the engine of her life and she was the educator in mine. When I was older and went to stay at overnight camps during the summer, she wrote me letters every single day. I learned how important it was to keep contact, communicate and express my feelings and ideas in writing. My grandmother made a huge impact on my life: I learned how much I should appreciate life everyday. I learned how I can make changes if I have an open and curious heart. How to cite Teacher and Grandmother, Essay examples